Week of February 28

Week of February 28

The battle of Khe Sanh is one of the most well-known battles of the Vietnam War. During the 1968 Tet Offensive, as many as 30,000 Communist Vietnamese forces surrounded roughly 6,000 U.S. marines defending a combat base on a high hill outside Khe Sanh. The battle and siege lasted for 77 days. Fewer people, though, are familiar with the story of the first marine patrol team that ventured out from the Khe Sanh base. On February 25, 1968, most of Bravo Company, 1st Battalion, 26th Marine Regiment was wiped out in an ambush that lasted just a few minutes. It became known as the “Ghost Patrol.”

On February 25, Company B received orders to mount a patrol outside the combat base’s perimeter wire in order to collect intelligence on the positions of North Vietnamese forces hidden below the hill. About four dozen Marines set out into the foggy morning, led by 2d Lieutenant Donald Jacques, to search for trenches, tunnels, and gun emplacements and to probe for contact with enemy troops. Several hundred yards down the hill the patrol observed three North Vietnamese soldiers running away from them, who then ducked past the tree line into the forest. Jacques gave the order to pursue them.

As the marines pushed into the trees, the forest exploded with metal and smoke. The patrol had walked into an “L”-shaped ambush. Horrendously outnumbered and outgunned, the patrol dissolved into chaos. Almost everyone was killed or wounded within a minute. Three men from the lead fire team, Private First Class Ronald Ridgeway, Lance Corporal James Bruder, and Lance Corporal Charles Geller, pressed forward and managed to reach a North Vietnamese trench line. After surviving two grenades that landed in their midst, Geller peeked back to where the rest of the patrol should have been. No one was there. “Everybody behind us is dead,” Geller relayed to the other two.

The three men, not entirely sure what to do, attempted to withdraw back the way they had come. Bruder was the next to be hit, killed by rifle fire. Just yards later, the remaining two came upon a wounded comrade, Private First Class Willie Ruff, who was lying on the ground with a broken arm and other injuries. When Geller and Ridgeway stopped to help him up, Geller was shot in the side of his face and Ridgeway received a bullet in his shoulder. Both men fell to the deck alongside Ruff. Stuck in the open in an exposed position with no help in earshot, the three marines could do nothing but lay still, wait for the cover of darkness, and try not to die.

Each man drifted in and out of consciousness. After an unknown number of hours, Geller, apparently delirious from the loss of blood, struggled to his knees. He was immediately killed by a grenade thrown from somewhere nearby. Perhaps having been made aware that the marines were still alive, North Vietnamese soldiers began shooting at the other two men where they lay. Bullets peppered the dirt around them. Ridgeway was hit in the buttock. Ruff was also hit a second time. Darkness finally fell, Ridgeway passed out, and Ruff died sometime in the night.

PFC Ridgeway woke up on the ground early in the morning, feeling someone tugging at his arm. He opened his eyes to see a North Vietnamese soldier standing over him, attempting to pull of his watch. Shocked to see the marine was alive, the soldier pointed his rifle and Ridgeway was taken prisoner. The North Vietnamese took him first into Laos and then North Vietnam, where Ridgeway spent the next five years as a prisoner of war, enduring torture, interrogation, dysentery, and malaria. He lost 50 pounds during his imprisonment.

Though Ridgeway was one of the final survivors of the Ghost Patrol, he never returned to the Khe Sanh combat base, and so he was presumed dead. Those who did make it back trickled inside the perimeter in twos and threes over the next 12 hours. Most of them did so having crawled on their stomachs hundreds of yards up the hill, severely wounded, in an effort to reach the base undetected. The four dozen marines of Bravo Company had been ambushed by approximately 3,000 North Vietnamese soldiers. Fewer than half of them managed to return to base. Because the Khe Sanh defenders were so badly outnumbered, and because reinforcements were unavailable due to the nationwide Tet Offensive raging across South Vietnam, it was six weeks before another patrol was able to recover the slain. By then most of them were only identifiable by their dog tags.

Ronald Ridgeway’s family was told months later that he had been killed in action, but that his remains had not been recovered. Five years later, when North Vietnam issued the list of POWs to be released, the family was happily stunned to see Ronald’s name.

The story of the Ghost Patrol was later recorded in a documentary film by a Khe Sanh veteran named Ken Rodgers and his wife Betty Rodgers. The film is titled “Bravo! Common Men, Uncommon Valor.” In it, survivors of the patrol recall the horror of those few minutes during and after the ambush, and reflect on those who were killed. “I carry major survivor’s guilt,” said Corporal Steve Wiese, who was 19 years old in 1968. “I don’t understand why I’m alive and they aren’t. I don’t understand why I’m here.”

A total of 27 men died in the ambush on February 25, 1968. Most of them were killed within seconds. All but three of them were between 18 and 20 years old. Each of those killed that day are memorialized together on Panel 41E, Lines 15–33, of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall in Washington, D.C. Their names are listed below.1

Lance Corporal Ronald Paul Akins, 20, Akron, Ohio
Private First Class Michael Bradford Baptiste, 19, Tampa, Florida
Private First Class Joseph Chriss Battle, 18, Houston, Texas
Corporal Frederick A. Billingham Jr., 18, Trenton, New Jersey
Corporal Michael John Brellenthin, 20, North Bergen, New Jersey
Lance Corporal James Robert Bruder, 18, Allentown, Pennsylvania
Corporal Kenneth William Claire, 21, Redwood City, California
Private First Class Doyle Gregory Clay, 20, Chicago, Illinois
Lance Corporal Jerry Lee Dodson, 20, Collinsville, Illinois
Lance Corporal Charles Gregory Geller, 20, East St. Louis, Illinois
Lance Corporal Phillips Hayes III, 19, New Orleans, Louisiana
Second Lieutenant Donald Jacques, 20, Rochester, New York
Corporal Bruce Edwin Jones, 20, Rockland, Massachusetts
Lance Corporal Michael John Laderoute, 19, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Private First Class John Alfred Lassiter, 19, Slidell, Louisiana
Staff Sergeant George McClelland, 25, Passaic, New Jersey
Private First Class Henry McDonald III, 19, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Lance Corporal Richard Wayne McKenzie, 19, Oxnard, California
Private First Class Kim Elmer Meads, 18, Chicago, Illinois
Hospital Corpsman Lloyd Whitfield Moore, 19, Wilmington, North Carolina
Private First Class Arnold Javier Rivera, 19, El Paso, Texas
Private First Class Willie Jerome Ruff, 20, Columbia, South Carolina
Private First Class David Clifton Scarbrough, 20, Marietta, Ohio
Lance Corporal Walter Francis Skinner, 21, Soledad, California
Private First Class Douglas Wayne Smith, 18, Fort Worth, Texas
Private First Class Clayton Joseph Theyerl, 18, Racine, Wisconsin
Corporal Donald Eugene Whitaker, 19, Durham, Missouri

Link to a portion of the documentary produced by Ken and Betty Rodgers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLxgVKC615c
 


1Michael E. Ruane, “‘Killed’ in Vietnam and Buried with Comrades, One Marine Returned from the Dead,” Washington Post, July 8, 2017 (accessed 2/20/19); Gregg Jones, “The Marines’ Tenacious Stand,” Naval History Magazine, Volume 32 (February 2018), (accessed 2/20/19); Matthew M. Burke, “The Bloody Battle of Khe Sanh: 77 Days Under Siege,” Stars and Stripes, November 17, 2014 (accessed 2/20/19); “Wall of Faces,” Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund (accessed 2/21/19); Graham A. Cosmas, MACV: The Joint Command in the Years of Escalation, 1968–1973, United States Army in Vietnam (Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, 2006); Jack Shulimson, Leonard A. Blasiol, Charles R. Smith, and David A. Dawson, The Defining Year, 1968, U.S. Marines in Vietnam (Washington, D.C.: History and Museums Division Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1997); George C. Herring, America’s Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950–1975, (4th edition; New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002); Spencer C. Tucker, ed. The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History, (2nd edition; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011), 579–583.


 

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Week of April 9 Week of
April 9
At the end of 1964, with direct U.S. participation in combat operations poised to begin, there were about 23,000 U.S. forces in Vietnam. In less than five years, by the first...
Week of April 2 Week of
April 2
By the end of March 1972, there were fewer than 70,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam (after peaking in 1969 at over 540,000). Following President Richard Nixon's "Vietnamization"...
Week of March 26 Week of
March 26
On March 26, 1964, Air Force Captain Richard L. Whitesides and Army Special Forces Captain Floyd J. Thompson were conducting a reconnaissance mission aboard a small...
Week of March 19 Week of
March 19
In late February 1965, a U.S. helicopter pilot spotted a 130-foot North Vietnamese vessel anchored in South Vietnam's Vung Ro Bay. Investigators discovered the ship was carrying...
Week of March 12 Week of
March 12
As the United States commenced a bombing campaign against North Vietnam, American leaders grew concerned about the possibility of Communist retaliation against U.S....
Week of March 5 Week of
March 5
On March 2, 1965, U.S. Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps aircraft commenced the bombing of military, industrial, and infrastructure targets in North Vietnam. Called...
Week of February 12 Week of
February 12
On February 12, 1973, a group of American prisoners of war (POWs) lifted off from Hanoi's Gia Lam Airport, in North Vietnam, aboard a U.S. Air Force C-141 Starlifter. These men...

 

Week of February 28

Private First Class Willie Ruff
Private First Class Willie Ruff,
(VVMF)

Lance Corporal Charles Geller
Lance Corporal Charles Geller,
(VVMF)

Private First Class Ronald Ridgeway.
Private First Class Ronald Ridgeway.
(VVMF)

The three men pictured above were wounded and spent a night lying next to each other on the battlefield. Only Ridgeway—pictured here upon release from North Vietnamese custody in 1973—survived until the morning. (Ridgeway photo is a family photo taken from the Washington Post article cited here.)